Aṣa elile tabi sọwedowo faili kan jẹ iye iyasọtọ kukuru ti a ṣe iṣiro lati awọn akoonu ti faili naa ati igbagbogbo lo lati ṣayẹwo iduroṣinṣin ati aitasera (iṣọn-ọrọ) ti awọn faili ni bata, paapaa nigba ti o wa si awọn faili nla (awọn aworan eto ati iru) ti o le ṣe igbasilẹ pẹlu awọn aṣiṣe tabi Ifura kan wa pe faili ti rọpo nipasẹ malware.
Lori awọn aaye ayelujara ti a ṣe igbasilẹ, sọwedowo nigbagbogbo ni a gbekalẹ, iṣiro nipa lilo algorithms MD5, SHA256 ati awọn omiiran, gbigba ọ laaye lati ṣe afiwe faili ti o gbasilẹ pẹlu faili ti o gbejade nipasẹ Olùgbéejáde. O le lo awọn eto ẹnikẹta lati ṣe iṣiro awọn sọwedowo faili, ṣugbọn ọna kan wa lati ṣe eyi pẹlu awọn irinṣẹ Windows 10, 8 ati Windows 7 (PowerShell ẹya 4.0 ati giga ni a nilo) - lilo PowerShell tabi laini aṣẹ, eyiti yoo ṣe afihan ninu awọn ilana naa.
Gba gbigba sọwedowo faili ni lilo Windows
Ni akọkọ o nilo lati bẹrẹ Windows PowerShell: ọna ti o rọrun julọ ni lati lo wiwa ninu iṣẹ ṣiṣe Windows 10 tabi akojọ aṣayan Windows 7 lati ṣe eyi.
Aṣẹ lati ṣe iṣiro hash fun faili ni PowerShell jẹ Gba-filehash, ati lati lo o lati ṣe iṣiro sọwedowo, o kan tẹ pẹlu awọn aye-atẹle wọnyi (ni apẹẹrẹ, a ṣe iṣiro elile fun aworan ISO Windows 10 lati folda VM lori drive C):
Gba-FileHash C: VM Win10_1607_Russian_x64.iso | Ọna kika
Nigbati o ba lo aṣẹ ni fọọmu yii, iṣiro iṣiro ni lilo algorithm SHA256, ṣugbọn awọn aṣayan miiran ni atilẹyin, eyiti o le ṣeto nipasẹ lilo paramita -Algorithm, fun apẹẹrẹ, lati ṣe iṣiro sọwedowo MD5, aṣẹ naa yoo dabi apẹẹrẹ ni isalẹ
Gba-FileHash C: VM Win10_1607_Russian_x64.iso -Algorithm MD5 | Ọna kika
Awọn iye atẹle ni a ṣe atilẹyin fun awọn algorithms sọwedowo ni Windows PowerShell.
- SHA256 (aiyipada)
- MD5
- SHA1
- SHA384
- SHA512
- AGBARA
- RIPEMD160
Apejuwe alaye ti ṣiṣisilẹ ti aṣẹ Gba-FileHash tun wa lori oju opo wẹẹbu osise //technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn520872(v=wps.650).aspx
Gbigba agbaji kan ti eṣu faili kan lori laini aṣẹ nipa lilo CertUtil
![](http://img.eifeg.com/img/remo-2019/12738/windows-powershell-11.png)
Windows ni IwUlO CertUtil ti a ṣe sinu fun ṣiṣẹ pẹlu awọn iwe-ẹri, eyiti, laarin awọn ohun miiran, le ṣe iṣiro sọwedowo ti awọn faili ni lilo awọn algoridimu wọnyi:
- MD2, MD4, MD5
- SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512
Lati lo IwUlO, o kan ṣiṣe aṣẹ Windows 10, 8 tabi pipaṣẹ Windows 7 ki o tẹ aṣẹ ni ọna kika:
certutil -hashfile file_path algorithm
Apeere kan lati gba elile MD5 fun faili kan han ninu iboju ti o wa ni isalẹ.
Ni afikun: ni ọran ti o nilo awọn eto ẹnikẹta lati ṣe iṣiro awọn eehes faili ni Windows, o le ṣe akiyesi SlavaSoft HashCalc.
Ti o ba nilo lati ṣe iṣiro sọwedowo ni Windows XP tabi ni Windows 7 laisi PowerShell 4 (ati agbara lati fi sori ẹrọ), o le lo IwUlO laini aṣẹ ijẹrisi Microsoft Oluṣakoso Iṣeduro Iṣeduro Iṣeduro Microsoft, wa fun igbasilẹ lori oju opo wẹẹbu osise //www.microsoft.com/en -us / download / details.aspx? id = 11533 (ọna kika fun lilo awọn agbara: faili fciv.exe - abajade yoo jẹ MD5. O tun le ṣe iṣiro hash SHA1: fciv.exe -sha1 file_path)